20分钟写不完雅思图表作文？这样系统准备就行
雅思写作考试总时长为1小时，在一小时时间内需要完成两篇写作任务。
写作任务一
根据试卷上的图表信息写一篇报告，图表信息一般分为五大类：
线性图、柱状、圆形图、表格、过程图解。
考生需要根据图表写一篇150字的文章来描述信息或过程。
该部分限时20分钟。
在短时间内要写出一篇图表报告，要求考生对报告写作用语非常熟悉，并且熟悉常见的五种图表报告写作要求。
写作任务二
根据给出的话题写一篇文章。
要求在40分钟内写出一篇250字以上的文章。
因为最终评分时，任务二所占的分数比重远远大于任务一，这就要求同学们一定要在规定时间内完成任务一的写作，不能过多占用任务二的时间。
请务必牢记书写要规范，不规范的书写会给你的写作减分。
我们以单线图表题为例
此类题型中，考生将看到一个单线图表，并按图表中给出的信息写一篇150字的报告。
考生无需加入任何个人观点。
请务必在20分钟内完成，不要占用任务二的考试时间。
该题型测试考生的以下能力：
客观描述所给信息的能力；
不掺杂个人观点书写报告的能力；
采用适当语言描述图表的能力。
例题：
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information in the graph below.
Write at least 150 words.
完成写作后，你要回顾检查你的文章，看是否满足了要求。
你可以用下面这些标准来核对。
一篇好文章的标准：
报告是否有合适的结构？
是否有介绍、正文、结尾？
是否有连接词汇，将句子和段落通顺地衔接起来？
语法和词汇是否恰当？
是否有长短句搭配？
文中选词是否稳妥？
报告是否满足了题干中的要求？
报告是否满足了字数要求？
图标中的信息是否充分表达出来了？
是否掌握了图表中的重点趋势并详细描述了？
范例答案：
The graph shows the number of cases of X disease in Someland between the years 1960 and 1995. As an overall trend, it is clear that the number of cases of the disease increased fairly rapidly until the mid seventies, remained constant for around a decade at 500 cases before dropping to zero in the late 80s.
In 1960, the number of cases stood at approximately 100. That number rose steadily to 200 by 1969 and then more sharply to 500 in 1977. At this point the number of cases remained stable until 1984 before plummeting to zero by 1988. From 1988 to 1995 Someland was free of the disease.
In conclusion, the graph shows that the disease was increasingly prevalent until the 1980s when it was eradicated from Someland.
你觉得这篇范例文章怎么样？这篇文章满足了题干要求吗？我们来看看专业老师的点评吧。
老师点评：
这篇报告的结构很清晰，逻辑性强，介绍、正文、总结三部分很清楚。
考生用了恰当的连接词将各种信息连贯地连接起来，比如第二句中的until和before。
考生还用了不同的语法结构和有变化的词汇让整篇文章不单调不重复。
从题干要求来看，这篇报告稍微有点短，但这也是因为这个单线图表中包含的信息量确实不大，我们用这个简单的例子主要是想让同学们了解单线图表题的解题思路。
在真实的雅思考试中，图表会包含更多信息，考生们也要灵活把握图表中的信息和趋势才能写出好报告。”
提高雅思写作分数的策略
筛选信息：
完整地描述图表信息很重要，但这并不是说你要把每个细节都描述出来。
如果每个数据每个信息都写，你的字数肯定会超。
因此，同学们要学会总结图表，将图表分成几大部分，这也就是我们说的要学会描写趋势。
举个例子，在时间线性图中，你可以按照年份来写，也可以按照时期来写。
上面的图表是按照每五年一个时间节点给出的信息，所以，我们可以这样写：
The number of cases of X disease started at 50 in 1960 and then went up gradually to 100 in 1965 and continued up to 200 in 1970 and then went up more sharply to 380 in 1975.
但是，虽然这样写非常准确，却没有有效地总结图表中的信息。
实际上，从图表形状来看，图中的信息按照四个时间阶段来写会更有意义。
在范例答案中，报告表达了四个基本趋势：
first, a gradual increase from 1960 to 1968
second, a steeper increase from 1968 to 1977
third, a plateau from 1977 to 1983
fourth, a drop from 1983 to 1988
那么，报告的表达清楚这4个趋势就成功了。
注意报告结构：
报告的结构要简洁，划分为介绍部分、正文部分、总结部分就够了。
时态要用得合理。
介绍部分：
用两个标准的开场句子来介绍你的报告。
这两个句子就可以组成你报告的第一段。
第一个句子要定义这个图表是关于什么，通常要包含时间、地点、描述的事物等。
例如：
The graph shows the number of cases of X disease in Someland between the years 1960 and 1995 …
请注意所用的时态，尽管图表描述的信息是发生在过去的事情， 但图表描述这个动作却应该用现在时态。
注意：开头语不能照抄题干中的句子，阅卷老师不会评估照抄的句子，所以，你抄上去只是在浪费时间。
描述总体趋势：
第二个或者第三个句子可以总结整体趋势，例如：
It can be clearlyseen that X disease increased rapidly to 500 cases around the 1980s and thendropped to zero before 1999, while Y disease fell consistently from a high pointof nearly 600 cases in 1960 to less than 100 cases in 1995.
请注意时态，我们现在讨论的是过去某段时间发生的疾病，因此要用过去时态。
描述图表细节：
报告的正文需要图表呈现出的细节内容，考生要构思好清晰且符合逻辑的思路来组织这些细节。
单线图表通常用时间顺序展示信息，考生可根据时间从早到晚的顺序来写。
柱状图和圆形图所用的信息呈现方式则截然不同，考生需要选择合适的顺序来描述信息。
总结句子：
报告的结尾用一到两个句子总结一下报告内容，得出相关的结论。
词汇和语法 避免重复：
如果你的文章用词准确，结构灵活多样，那你的分数肯定相对更高。
例如，考生如果这样写：
The number of cases of X disease started at 50 in 1965 and then went up to 200 in 1970 and then went up to 500 in 1980 and then went down to zero in 1990.
那他的分数肯定高不了，因为用词单一且重复。
同学们平时练习的时候，要刻意多用不同的词来表达图表中不同的运动趋势，并且多用不同的写作结构，让你的文章有所变化。
描述趋势：
趋势是变化和运动的，这些变化通常是用数字表达出来的，例如人口、生产量、失业率等。
总体来说有三个趋势：
表达运动：名词和动词
每一种运动都有很多名词和动词来表达。
比如，用动词表达失业率降低Unemployment levels fell，用名词表达就变成There was a fall in unemployment levels
描述运动：形容词和副词
有时候我们需要给出更多信息，例如：
There has been a slight increase in the value of the dollar (变化的程度)
Unemployment fell rapidly last year (变化的速度)
记住我们用形容词修饰名词 (a slight increase)，用副词修饰动词(to increase slightly)。
描述变化的程度
下面，我们一起来看看任务二的写作注意事项。
考生需围绕一个topic，写一篇250字的文章。
本环节时间限制为40分钟。
本环节测试考生的这些能力：
用有力证据证明观点的能力；
挑战某一观点的能力；
紧扣主题，不写与主题无关内容的能力；
用简单连贯的方式进行沟通的能力；
准确恰当使用英文的能力。
写作范例：
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Present a written argument to an educated reader with no specialist knowledge of the following topic:
Television has had a significant influence on the culture of many societies. To what extent would you say that television has positively or negatively affected the cultural development of your society?
You should write at least 250 words
Use your own knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.
请同学们用40分钟的时间来写一下这篇文章，然后再看下面这篇范文。
范文写作：
It has been around forty years since television was first introduced into Australian households and people today still have mixed views on whether it has a positive or a negative influence on the society.
Many people believe that television damages culture. It promotes the stronger cultures of countries such as Britain and North America and weakens the cultures of less wealthy countries. This is because the stronger, wealthier countries are able to assert their own culture by producing more programs that are shown widely around the world. These programs then influence people, particularly young people, in the countries where they are shown.
Also, because television networks need to attract large audiences to secure their financial survival, they must produce programs which are interesting to a broad range of people. In Australia this range is very broad because we are a multicultural society and people of all ages like to watch television. To interest all these different people, most television programs are short in length, full of action and excitement, do not require much intelligence or knowledge to understand, and follow universal themes common to all cultures, such as love and crime. Television programs which concentrate on or develop themes pertinent to one particular culture are not so successful because they interest a smaller audience.
Nevertheless we much acknowledge that television does have some positive effects on the cultures within a society as well. People who do not live within their own culture can, in a limited way, access it through the multicultural station on the television. For example, Aboriginal children who have grown up in white families, or migrants and international students living in Australia, can watch programs from their own culture on the television.
In conclusion, I hold the view that television promotes and strengthens those cultures that are wealthy and influential while it weakens the cultures that are already in a weakened position.
老师点评：
这篇文章开头简洁得介绍了问题。
中间三段针对主题给出了相关的观点，结尾比较有力地总结了全文。
语法与词汇丰富多样，总体来说是一篇非常好的文章。”
提高雅思分数的策略
写作考试任务二中的这篇文章要求写作风格标准且有学术性。
目前市面上也出版了很多教材帮助同学们提高这部分的写作技能。
文章要求段与段之间、句子与句子之间的结构严谨，衔接自然。
对于文章整体效果而言，结构和衔接会直接影响读者阅读的感受。
结构上，也是需要介绍、正文、总结三部分齐全，且介绍部分要合理引出正文，正文要思路清晰地承接介绍部分，总结部分要自然有效地总括自己的观点。
段落内部和段与段之间也要有严谨的结构和自然的衔接，每一段最好都有主题句，提示该段的中心意思。
大部分同学习惯把主题句放在段首，效果比较好。
然后段落中提供相关证据证明段首的主题句。段落的最后一句再有效地引出下一段的观点。
好的文章会把结构和衔接细致到每一个句子中去。
这就要求同学们熟练地掌握一些关系从句、连接词、以及转折词。
句子衔接：
用连接词将动词短语衔接起来
1)对于同一方向的运动，用then、and来连接。
Eg. 没有衔接之前
After that it rose gradually to 5,000 by 1952. And then it went up to 15,000 by 1954.
衔接后
After that it rose gradually to 5,000 by 1952, then more steeply to 15,000 by 1954
衔接后
After that it rose gradually to 5,000 then continued its upward trend more steeply to 15,000.
练习：用then... 和then continued its upward/downward trend more… 将下面句子衔接起来。
It dropped swiftly to 1,000 in 1998. Then it went down slowly to 900 in '99
It slowly decreased to 100. Then it quickly dropped to 15.
It increased substantially at the beginning of the year. It increased gradually at the end of the year.
2)对于不同方向的运动，用but来连接。
Eg. 没有衔接之前
It rose to 35,000 by 1960. After that it fell to 12,000 by 1962.
衔接后
It rose to 35,000 by 1960 but later fell to 12,000 by 1962
练习：用but连接下面的句子
It fluctuated around 100 in 1999. Then it levelled out in the year 2,000.
It went down to 15,000 in 1960. Then it climbed back to 2,000 in 1961.
用连接短语将名词短语衔接起来
如'which was followed by'，'which led to'，'which preceded'
Eg.
没有衔接之前
There was a fall to 6,000 by 1968. Then an increase to 8,000 by 1970.
衔接后
There was a fall to 6,000 by 1968 which was followed by an increase to 8,000 by 1970.
衔接后
There was a fall to 6,000 by 1968 which led to an increase to 8,000 by 1970.
衔接后
There was a fall to 6,000 by 1968 which preceded an increase to 8,000 by 1970.
练习用‘which was followed by’, ‘which led to’, ‘which preceded’将下面的短句连接起来。
There was a sharp rise to 900 in 1991. Then there was a gradual decline to 800 in 1992.
There was a slight drop to 90. Then there was a more marked decline to 50.
It reached a peak at Christmas. Then it dropped back to the November levels of 500.
